A small gem in Ancient Greek, or more exactly Ancient Aeolic.
δέδυκε μὲν ἀ σελάννα
καὶ Πληΐαδες, μέσαι δὲ
νύκτες, παρὰ δ’ ἔρχετ’ ὤρα,
ἔγω δὲ μόνα κατεύδω.
Ottar
This test is in Old English, it is the earliest known case of a Norwegian boasting about his travels. The rather odd XML markup is one used by linguists.
Ōhthere sǣde his hlāforde, Ӕlfrede cyninge, þӕt he ealra Norðmonna norþmest būde. Hē cwӕð þӕt hē būde on þǣm lande norþweardum wiþ þā Westsǣ.
Hē sǣde þēah þӕt þӕt land sīe swiþe lang norþ þonan; ac it is eal wēste, būton on fēawum stōwum styccemǣlum wīciað Finnas, on huntoðe on wintra, ond on sumera, on fiscaðe be þǣre sǣ.
Hē sǣde þӕt hē æt summe cirre wolde fandian hū lo̧nge þӕt land norþryhte lǣge, oþþe hwӕðer ӕnig mon be norðan þǣm wēstenne būde.Þā fōr hē norþryhte be þǣm lande: lēt him ealne weg þӕt wēste land on ðӕt stēorbord, ond þā wīdsǣ on ðӕt bӕcbord, þrīe dagas. Þā wӕs hē swā feor norþ swā þā hwӕlhuntan firrest faraþ. Þā fōr hē þā gīet norþryhte swā feor swā hē meahte on þǣm ōþrum þrīm dagum gesiglan. Þā bēag þӕt land þǣr ēastryhte, oþþe sēo sǣ in on þӕt land, hē nysse hwӕðer, būtan hē wisse þӕt hē þǣr bād westanwindes and hwōn norþan, ond gesiglde þā east be lande swā swā hē meahte on fēower dagum gesiglan. Þā sceolde hē ðǣr bīdan ryhtnorþanwindes, forðǣm þӕt land bēag þǣr sūþryhte, oþþe sēo sǣ in on ðӕt land, hē nysse hwӕþer. Þā siglde hē þonan sūðryhte be lande swā swā hē meahte on fīf dagum gesiglan. Ðā lӕg þǣr ān micel ēa up in on þӕt land.Þā cirdon hīe up in on ðā ēa, forðǣm hīe ne dorston forþ bī þǣre ēa siglan for unfriþe; forðǣm ðӕt land wӕs eall gebūn on oþre healfe þǣre ēas. Ne mētte hē ǣr nān gebūn land, siþþan hē fram his āgnum hām fōr; ac him wӕs ealne weg wēste land on þӕt stēorbord, būtan fiscerum ond fugelerum ond huntum, ond þӕt wǣron eall Finnas; ond him wӕs ā wīdsǣ on þӕt bӕcbord. Þā Beormas hӕfdon swīþe wel gebūd hira land: ac hīe ne dorston þǣr on cuman. Ac þāra Terfinna land wӕs eal wēste, būton ðǣr huntan gewīcodon, oþþe fisceras, oþþe fugeleras.
The heaviest element
This is currently spreading on lists around the net:
Scientists at CERN in Geneva have announced the discovery of the heaviest element
The new element is Governmentium (Gv). It has one neutron, 25 assistant neutrons, 88 deputy neutrons and 198 assistant deputy neutrons giving it an atomic mass of 312.
These 312 particles are held together by forces called morons which are surrounded by vast quantities of lefton-like particles called peons.
Since Governmentium has no electrons or protons, it is inert. However, it can be detected because it impedes every reaction with which it comes into contact with.
Even a tiny amount of Governmentium causes a reaction which normally takes only a few days to complete to four years or more to finish or resolve.
Governmentium has a normal half-life of 2- 6 years. It does not decay but instead undergoes a reorganisation in which a portion of the assistant neutrons and deputy neutrons exchange places.
In fact, Governmentium’s mass will actually increase over time since each reorganisation will cause more morons to become neutrons, forming isodopes.
This characteristic of moron promotion leads some scientists to believe that Governmentium is formed whenever morons reach a critical point of concentration.
When catalysed with money, Governmentium becomes Administratium, an element that radiates just as much energy as Governmentium since it has half as many peons but twice as many morons. Vast sums of money are consumed in the exchange yet no other by-products are produced.
What the world needs now
The last couple of years has shown the world what some of us have known all the time – internet services like Dropbox, Gmail and Facebook are vulnerable. Facebook was made as a series of quick and dirty hacks without any thought of privacy or security, and Gmail was build on a reasonably secure platform. Dropbox used an encryption scheme for the stored data. None of them provide enough security to be used for important personal or business information.
Dropbox shows us that encryption managed by the site is only as strong as the least trustworthy employee. Gmail shows us that there are many ways to penetrate a shell defence, and once you are on the inside the lack of encryption makes information harvesting trivial. Facebook shows us that security cannot be added on to an insecure system, it must be designed in from the beginning.
What we need, then, is a service built on sound principles from the ground up. It is a tough job, and the team that makes it must follow some quite rigid (and sometimes boring) methods. It is also a challenge to make it sufficiently user friendly.
To have a system reasonably safe against both spying and data mining, the users must have strong encryption software. This has existed since PGP was launched, but has been too difficult for most users to get right. A scheme for a “social” website needs to have a lot of flexibility. It is not enough to encrypt things that only can be read by a certain receiver, you also need to make postings and messages that can be read by groups or all users. The reason why even public forum articles and the like should be encrypted, is that this will prevent data mining. Only real people with an account should be able to read from the site.
